How To Install Oracle Rac 11g On Linux

In this blog we walk through the Oracle 11g (11.two.0.2) RAC database installation process in detail. Most of the required groundwork for installation was completed in the preinstallation stages. Installing the Oracle RAC software will be similar to performing a single-instance installation. Even internally, the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) installs the binaries in a single node and uses the underlying file transfer mechanisms to propagate the files to other nodes, relinking them with the respective operating system binaries.

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Table of contents [Show]

• • Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation
  • Creating the Oracle RAC Database
  • Conclusion
  • Oracle RAC 11g Release 2 video installation instructions
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Oracle has introduced few changes in the Oracle xione thousand Release 2 database, particularly in the 11.2.0.2 patchset. We will discuss the important changes in this section; changes and features introduced in Oracle RAC 11g Release two will exist marked appropriately in this book for better readability. Starting with Oracle 11thou Release 2, the database patchset volition include the software binaries and support out-of-identify database upgrades, thus avoiding installation of Oracle base release binaries and so upgrading to the latest patchset.

Oracle RAC One Node is another important feature introduced in Oracle RAC 11g Release 2. Oracle RAC One Node is a single-instance Oracle RAC database that runs on a single machine preconfigured with Oracle Filigree Infrastructure. Likewise, with this release onward, the maintenance of TIMESTAMP with TIMEZONE data is simplified via DBMS_DST PL/SQL packages, which can transparently upgrade the TIMESTAMP with TIMEZONE information without requiring clients to patch their time zone datafiles.

Oracle RAC One Node

Oracle RAC I Node is a single-case Oracle RAC database running on a single node preconfigured with Oracle Grid Infrastructure. By utilizing the clustering applied science, the Oracle RAC One Node database allows on-demand migration of database instances to other servers, conversion to Oracle RAC without any downtime, and rolling patches for single-instance databases. Oracle RAC One Node also provides high availability for single-example databases. Oracle provides the OMOTION utility to migrate Oracle RAC One Node database instances to other servers in the cluster online without whatever downtime.

Oracle internally uses transaction shutdown to migrate single instances online without impacting the current transactions, simply Oracle ensures that two servers do non provide the same services at the same time. This is really a welcome change in Oracle 11g Release two considering it allows large organizations to consolidate smaller single-instance databases in one identify and at the same time allows them to standardize the deployment of Oracle databases within the system with the option to increase the scalability of single-instance databases by upgrading them to Oracle RAC databases without any downtime.

NOTE

Although information technology is not required, the Cluster Verification Utility (cluvfy) tin also be used for the pre-database installation cheque. You tin run the Cluster Verification Utility in preinstallation style to verify the basic node reachability and integrity of Oracle Clusterware. This besides checks the basic kernel parameters and required operating system libraries. At the end, the utility checks the status of the Oracle Clusterware daemons and the network infrastructure issues. To confirm the install readiness on the hardware, run cluvfy every bit shown here:

          $ ./runcluvfy.sh phase -pre dbinst -n alphal,alpha2,alpha3 -osdba dba   Performing pre-checks for database installation  <<output truncated>> Pre-cheque for database installation was successful on all the nodes.        

That is information technology! Now you are set to start the installation of RAC later on deciding the storage location for the datafiles. Oracle only supports the use of RAW devices with Oracle 11g Release 2 RAC if you're upgrading the Oracle RAC database from a previous release; otherwise, you can simply utilize a supported cluster file system, NFS, or Oracle ASM.

Unlike the prior release of Oracle RAC, in that location is no need to install and configure the ASM using Oracle database binaries before the database install because ASM is installed and configured with Oracle Filigree Infrastructure. Because we will be using Oracle ASM to build this Oracle RAC database, you volition demand to create Oracle ASM disk groups to store the Oracle data and backup.

Earlier installation, yous can adjust the environment settings for your favorite beat out and start the installer with the tracing option (see above) turned on. Tracing will assist you get the current stage of the installer and debug the installation in case of failure and/or hang.

Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation

Oracle Universal Installer is used to install Oracle RAC binaries. OUI volition install Oracle RAC binaries on the first node and so copy them onto the other servers in the cluster.

The cluvfy utility tin can be used for the pre–database configuration check, equally shown adjacent. You lot must run the utility every bit the user oracle. Information technology is not mandatory to run the cluvfy utility to check the prerequisites because the Oracle Universal Installer volition run cluvfy internally to verify all prerequisites earlier installing Oracle RAC xigrand Release 2.

          $ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre dbcfg -n alphal,alpha2,alpha3 -d   <<output truncated>> Pre-check for database configuration was successful on all the nodes                  

As mentioned before, the Oracle RAC installation is as simple and straightforward equally a single-instance environment in one case the prerequisites are correctly gear up. Information technology tin be installed from the installation media (CD-ROM or DVD) or from the staging area if the software is dumped to the deejay.

Run through the following steps in an Ten client on only the first node in the cluster:

1. Begin by running the post-obit lawmaking:

          $ cd /u01/phase/llgR2/database  $ ./runlnstaller        

The OUI volition brandish the Configure Security Updates screen (come across Figure 1), which allows y'all to specify your e-mail accost registered with Oracle My Support and the countersign so that Oracle can notify you whenever a new security update is available. Note that this requires the database servers to be connected to the Net, and almost datacenters do not expose their database servers to the public network for security reasons. Uncheck the box labeled "I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support" on this screen.

Figure ane The Configure Security Updates screen

2. Click Next. This brings yous to the Download Software Updates screen (see Figure 2), which allows you to specify Oracle My Support login details then that OUI can download the required software updates—such as any new installation requirements, known patchset updates (PSUs), and so on—from My Oracle Support automatically earlier starting the Oracle RAC software installation. This screen also allows yous to specify a storage location where these software updates are predownloaded. Nosotros will select skip software updates on this screen considering we don't desire to download software updates during this installation.

Figure 2 The Download Software Updates screen

3. Click Next in the Download Software Updates screen to open the Select Installation Option screen (see FIGURE 3), where you specify the required installation and configuration option for the current install. This screen provides the following three installation options:

FIGURE 3 The Select Installation Option screen

• Create and configure a database This option is the default installation option, which installs Oracle RAC binaries and creates a database based on a preconfigured template. This option is useful specially for beginners considering Oracle provides separate templates for different types of workloads, such as for OLTP and conclusion support systems.
• Install database software only This pick installs only the Oracle RAC software on all the servers in the cluster. Database administrators mostly use this selection, which allows them more flexibility while creating the database using the Database Configuration Assistant once Oracle RAC binaries are installed.
• Upgrade an existing database This option upgrades the existing Oracle RAC database in the cluster.

On this screen, select the pick "Install database software only."

4. After specifying the installation option, click Next. In the Grid Installation Options screen (shown in Figure iv), you can cull among the post-obit three options:

FIGURE 4 The Grid Installation Options screen

• Single instance database installation This option allows you to install single-instance database software on the local node only.
• Oracle Real Application Cluster database installation This option allows you to select and install Oracle Real Application Cluster binaries on the selected nodes in the cluster.
• Oracle RAC One Node database This option installs Oracle RAC One Node database binaries on the selected node.

On this screen, select the option "Oracle Real Awarding Cluster database installation."

5. Later selecting the grid installation pick, yous will be taken to the Select Product Languages screen (encounter Effigy five), where you lot choose the installation language (English is selected past default). You tin can choose the required languages from the list available in the table.

Effigy 5 The Select Product Languages screen

6. After the Select Production Languages screen, y'all will be taken to the Select Database Edition screen (see FIGURE 6), where yous can choose betwixt the Enterprise and Standard Edition of the Oracle RAC database. Select the option on this screen carefully based on the purchased licenses.

Effigy 6 The Select Database Edition screen

7. Next, in the Specify Installation Location screen (encounter Figure 7), you lot will specify the storage location for ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME. If you are upgrading in place from a previous version (for example, 11.2.0.i), Oracle volition allow you to choose the existing ORACLE_HOME; otherwise, the storage location for ORACLE_HOME volition ever be unique.

Figure 7 The Specify Installation Location screen

8. In the Privileged Operating System Groups screen (run across Effigy 8), select the database administrator and the database operator Os groups from the provided list of values. You lot should ensure that you are selecting the correct operating organisation group on this screen because a wrong option may interfere with operation of the Oracle RAC database software.

Effigy 8 The Privileged Operating System Groups screen

9. In the Perform Prerequisite Checks screen (see FIGURE 9), Oracle Universal Installer verifies the minimum requirements for installing the Oracle RAC database software . Oracle Universal Installer internally executes the Cluster Verification Utility to verify the operating system and hardware prerequisites. Based on the results of the verification tests performed by the utility, Oracle displays the failed prerequisites on this screen. Because we have run the Cluster Verification Utility earlier starting the installer, we do not expect any surprises at this stage.

FIGURE nine The Perform Prerequisite Checks screen

Starting with Oracle Database xig, OUI also provides the fix-up scripts to fix the failed but fixable prerequisite requirements. Oracle marks each failed prerequisite with a fixable condition of Yes if it can exist fixed by a fix-up script, which is likewise displayed on the screen. You can select the failed prerequisite with a fixable condition Yes and click the Fix and Check Again button on this screen to fix and verify the prerequisites over again. In one case the installer verifies the required prerequisites successfully, click Side by side to continue.

10. In the Summary screen (meet Effigy 10), Oracle displays the installation information . You lot should verify this information. You tin can as well salvage this every bit a response file to use it for mass deployment with the silent install method. Refer to the Oracle Universal Installer Guide for running Oracle Universal Installer with a response file for automatic deployment. Our step-by-stride install process is known every bit an interactive installation process.

Figure 10 The Summary screen

Oracle Silent Installation

The silent installation method is used for mass deployment of Oracle products because using the interactive method to install Oracle software multiple times on multiple machines is time consuming and mistake prone. Likewise, silent install provides an choice to have a uniform deployment pattern across the system. This ensures multiple users in the organization use a standard installation option to install their Oracle products. This greatly helps the internal Oracle support teams because they already know what components and options are installed on each server and their environment settings, including locations of various trace files.

11. If the data displayed is correct, click Finish to offset the software installation. Installation of Oracle RAC software may accept up to xxx minutes, depending on the hardware configuration. The installer will re-create all the required files to the Oracle database habitation directory and link the files with the operating organisation libraries. In one case the installation and linking is washed at the local node, the installer will copy the files to the remote node. During the entire process, you tin can encounter the status in the progress bar of the Install Product screen (come across FIGURE 11), which shows the per centum completion.

FIGURE 11 The Install Production screen

12. You lot will be instructed to run the installation script every bit the superuser root. Yous need to open a new terminal window and run the root.sh script as the superuser on all nodes in the cluster (see FIGURE 12). This script creates the oraenv and oratab files under /etc and sets the Oracle executable permissions to the owner and group levels. The location of the file for the oratab entry is platform specific and ordinarily institute in either the /etc or /var/opt/oracle directory. This root.sh script must exist run as the superuser root.

Effigy 12 The root.sh screen

13. After root.sh is run, go dorsum to the installer and click the OK push button to display the Finish screen (see Effigy xiii).

FIGURE 13 The Terminate screen

14. Click the Close button in the End screen to shut the Oracle Universal Installer .

Creating the Oracle RAC Database

Creating the RAC database in an Oracle RAC environment is as simple as creating the database in a unmarried-instance environment. The only change in the creation process using DBCA is to select the nodes in the Database Identification screen. Optionally, you can generate the scripts using DBCA and run them later.

To create a database using ASM for datafiles, walk through the following steps. (The number of steps may vary a flake if different storage choices are used. However, the database-cosmos process is the same as creating the database in the ASM environment.)

1. Create the ASM disk groups that will be used to store the datafiles. Starting with Oracle 11g Release two, the DBCA cannot be used to create the ASM disk groups. Instead, Oracle has introduced a dedicated configuration assistant chosen the Automated Storage Management Configuration Assistant (also known equally ASMCA) to create and manage the ASM instances, volumes, cluster file system, and disk groups. ASMCA can exist launched from $GRID_HOME/bin as the grid user in the same way we will execute DBCA in the next step. Nosotros volition use the Information disk group created as role of the Oracle Filigree Infrastructure installation, simply the typical steps for creating an ASM disk group include marking disks to be used by ASM and then creating the ASM deejay group using whatsoever ASM client, such as ASMCA, ASMCMD, or SQL*Pus.
2. Start the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) as the user oracle. Navigate to the $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory. If y'all want to enable tracing, y'all need to customize the Java runtime surround to get the trace data.

          $./dbca        

DBCA enables you to create, configure, or delete a cluster database and manage database templates. If you lot are creating the get-go database in the cluster, only the Create a Database option and the Manage Template selection are immune. In the Welcome screen (see FIGURE 14), select the Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) Database option to create an Oracle RAC database using DBCA. Click Next.

Effigy 14 The Welcome screen

3. In creating an Oracle RAC database, you'll select the participating nodes, whereas in a single-instance environment, the node from where DBCA is invoked is the default node for database creation. In the next screen (encounter FIGURE 15), choose Create a Database. Click Next.

FIGURE fifteen The Operations screen

Notation

Starting with Oracle RAC 11grand Release two, DBCA tin can be used to create an Oracle RAC One Node database. The SRVCTL utility is too integrated with the Oracle RAC Ane Node database and tin can be used to relocate the Oracle RAC Ane Node database to another server. In Oracle RAC 11k Release 2, yous create an Oracle RAC One Node database past creating and converting the newly created Oracle RAC database.

4. Predefined database configuration templates are bachelor to make the process easier. In the Database Templates screen (see FIGURE 16), Oracle provides predefined templates that can be used to create a new database based on the expected type of workload. These templates come with datafiles, but you can utilize these templates without datafiles if you want to customize database attributes such as block size. This screen displays three options: General Purpose or Transaction Processing, Custom Database, and Information Warehouse. Each pick provides preconfigured parameters/attributes for the new database, and Custom Database allows you to decide these attributes and parameters. Regardless of your choice on this screen, you lot can nonetheless customize the database in later steps. Cull the General Purpose or Transaction Processing selection on this screen and click Next.

Figure xvi The Database Templates screen

5. In the Database Identification screen (see Figure 17), y'all select the global name of this cluster database and a prefix to be used for the database service identifier. Starting with Oracle RAC xig Release ii, Oracle has introduced two different configuration schemes for the cluster database. On this screen, you choose between an admin-managed and policy-managed configuration for this database. These different configurations let you lot to further improve the resources utilization in the Oracle RAC database. If Oracle Clusterware is upwards and running, the Database Configuration Banana will automatically detect the cluster and the number of nodes in the cluster and so populate the node names in this screen. Select the Admin-Managed choice and enter RAC in the Global Database Proper noun and SID Prefix fields on this screen. The local node is selected past default, and so click Select All and then click Next.

FIGURE 17 The Database Identification screen

Annotation

Admin-Managed and Policy-Managed Oracle RAC Database

An admin-managed Oracle RAC database is a traditional configuration approach where you lot tin specify the servers in the cluster that will run the Oracle RAC database instances. You tin also decide the preferred and available Oracle RAC database instances for a given database service. In a policy-managed Oracle RAC database, you don't have flexibility to make up one's mind which server in the cluster will run the Oracle RAC database instance. Oracle volition offset the number of Oracle RAC database instances on servers in a server pool based on the cardinality of the Oracle RAC database.

In an admin-managed RAC database, there is a relation/association betwixt the database service and the Oracle RAC database instance, whereas in a policy-managed Oracle RAC database, there is a relation betwixt a database service and the server puddle because Oracle will automatically decide the RAC database instance, which will serve a given database service. A server pool is a pool of different servers in the cluster, which Oracle uses to automatically host database instances. You should always take a number of servers in the server puddle greater than the number of Oracle RAC database instances specified in cardinality. The CRSCTL and SRVCTL utilities can be used to create and manage server pools in an Oracle RAC database.

6. You tin apply the Oracle Enterprise Manager to manage the database. In the Direction Options screen (see FIGURE eighteen), if you would like to use the Enterprise Managing director to manage this database, check Configure Enterprise Director. If the Oracle Filigree Control agent is running on the local node and the Oracle Grid Control is installed and working in your network, you can register and manage this database with the Oracle Grid Control environment. Alternatively, y'all can use Oracle Database Control for Local Management. You have options to configure notification and backups using the database control as well. Uncheck the Configure Enterprise Manager selection on this screen and click Side by side.

FIGURE eighteen The Management Options screen

7. In the next screen, you are asked to enter the passwords for the SYS, Arrangement, DBSNMP, and SYSMAN accounts (see FIGURE xix). In before Oracle versions, the SYS and Organisation accounts used a default countersign (for SYS, it was change_on_install, and for SYSTEM, it was director). Because no default passwords for these administrative accounts be in Oracle Database teng and onward, select the Utilise the Same Countersign for All Accounts option, enter and ostend the password, and click Adjacent. Optionally, you can use different passwords for these administrative accounts by choosing the Use Different Authoritative Passwords option.

FIGURE 19 The Administrative Passwords screen

8. In the next screen, specify the storage type and database file location for the database (see Figure 20). The bachelor storage types are Cluster File System and Automatic Storage Management, which tin can be selected from the Storage Type drop-down listing. Starting with Oracle 11g Release 2, RAW devices are non supported. Choose Automatic Storage Management from the Storage Type drop-down list considering nosotros will be using ASM for this cluster database. In this screen, Oracle allows you to select database files location from a template; yous can store the database file onto a common location or you tin allow Oracle manage these database files for y'all using the Oracle-Managed Files mechanism. Select the Apply Oracle-Managed Files option for the storage location and so click Next.

IGURE 5-20 The Database File Location screen

9. In the side by side screen, yous specify the FastRecovery Area used to store Oracle database backup files, including archive and wink logs (encounter Effigy 21). You can specify the size of the Fast Recovery Area in the Fast Recovery Area Size field. Oracle will not utilize more space in the ASM disk grouping than the Fast Recovery Area size. In this screen, you can besides enable redo log archiving past selecting the Enable Archiving check box. We will not use Fast Recovery Surface area and archiving in our installation procedure, then uncheck Specify Fast Recovery Area and Enable Archiving on this screen and so click Adjacent.

Figure 21 The Recovery Configuration screen

Fast Recovery Area

Fast Recovery Area (besides known as Flash Recovery Area in previous database releases) is a dedicated storage location Oracle uses to shop all database fill-in-related files so that in an event of database recovery Oracle can rapidly restore backup pieces from this dedicated storage location rather than fetching from the slow tape libraries. This storage is configured using two database initialization parameters: DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST and DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE. Oracle manages this storage area and automatically purges obsolete backups based on the backup retention policies.

10. In the Database Content screen, y'all tin can choose to create sample schemas—a prepare of schemas that can be used for training purposes (encounter FIGURE 22). These include the infamous EMP and DEPT tables. In the Custom Scripts tab, you lot tin can select your custom scripts to be run every bit office of the database cosmos procedure. Click Adjacent.

Figure 22 The Database Content screen

11. In the Initialization Parameters screen, you can specify the initialization parameters that control the retention used by the Oracle database (FIGURE 23). Well-nigh of the tuning parameters can be changed later. In the Grapheme Sets tab, along with the character set you can select the default language and appointment format for this database. In the Connection Manner tab, you can specify the connectedness mode for the database. By default, Oracle uses the Dedicated Server mode. The simply important thing you must be aware of at this stage is the character set and block size for the database. Choose the appropriate graphic symbol set and block size and leave the rest of the initialization parameters set up to their defaults. You can refine these later on.

FIGURE 23 The Initialization Parameters screen

12. Click Adjacent to open the Database Storage screen (see FIGURE 24). Here you can specify the locations for the datafiles, control files, and redo log groups. File location variables for datafiles and redo logs can too be specified. Once you have specified the locations for the datafiles, command files, and redo log groups, yous are ready to create the database. You tin create a database immediately or generate scripts for database creation.

Figure 24 The Database Storage screen

13. If you create the database immediately, it is a good practice to generate the scripts to be able to see what is existence run and to have these scripts available for futurity reference. Y'all tin choose the location of the scripts in any local directory. By default, they are stored under $ORACLE_BASE/admin directory, equally shown in FIGURE 25.

FIGURE 25 The Creation Options screen

14. Click Finish to view the Summary screen (run across FIGURE 26). This screen contains the selected options for the installation. Click OK. Later on the database is created, click Exit to commencement the database instances.

FIGURE 26 The Summary screen

Decision

This blog covered the installation process of Oracle Database 11g Release 2 RAC in detail. The number of steps in the installation may vary slightly depending on the options and configurations selected. We walked through the important changes that Oracle has introduced in Oracle RAC Database xigrand Release ii, such equally Oracle RAC One Node and the admin- and policy-managed configurations of the Oracle RAC database.

Oracle RAC One is a newly introduced selection that helps build a single-database infrastructure that's set for the high-availability features provided past Oracle Grid Infrastructure. Instance failures are detected past Oracle Clusterware and automatically restarted in another server in the server pool, which ensures failover protection for Oracle RAC 1 Node.

Unlike previous releases of Oracle RAC, there is no need to install and configure ASM separately because ASM is office of Oracle Grid Infrastructure and configured during Oracle Filigree Infrastructure installation and configuration.

Oracle RAC 11g Release 2 video installation instructions

How to install Oracle RAC 11g Release ii and configure database - see in this video. Oracle RAC tutorial with simplest steps to install Oracle 11g R2 RAC configuration and database configuration guidelines.

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Source: https://oracle-patches.com/en/is/oracle-rac-installation

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